"Political will, that is the key ingredient," Max Graham, the
founder and chief executive officer of charity Space for Giants,
speaking before the summit.
A police
officer looks at a northern white rhino, only three of its kind left in
the world, as it moves in an enclosed and constantly protected
perimeter ahead of the Giants Club Summit of African leaders and others
on tackling poaching of elephants and rhinos, Ol Pejeta conservancy near
the town of Nanyuki, Laikipia County, Kenya, April 28, 2016.
The future of Africa's elephants and rhinos depends on the ability of the continent's nations to battle together against poaching, Kenya's president and conservationists said on Friday as they met at an East African summit.
Signalling
its commitment, Kenya will burn 105 tonnes of seized ivory on Saturday,
seeking to send a message that the real value of tusks when they are on
the live animals that draw tourists to Africa's savannas and forests,
where herds have been decimated.
From 1.2 million
in the 1970s, the number of elephants roaming Africa has plunged to
around 400,000. Poaching exceeded 30,000 a year between 2010 to 2012,
threatening to wipe them out in some African regions. The future for
Rhinos, now numbering less than 30,000, is even more bleak if poaching
is not checked.
"The poachers do not care
about national borders, nor do the criminal gangs who smuggle illegal
wildlife parts out of the continent. There is no solution to this
struggle that can be implemented by one country alone," Kenyatta said in a statement before the Giants Club summit which he is due to address.
“This is a continental issue,"
Ian Craig, director of Kenya's Northern Rangelands Trust, told the
gathering, saying Africans needed to build on successes made since a
2012 poaching peak. "As Africa, we need to coordinate our efforts."
In
Kenya, 93 elephants were killed in 2015, down from 384 in 2012. But
conservations say the East African nation remains a transit point for
poached wildlife parts from other countries.
Leaders
from Uganda and Gabon also joined the summit to outline their efforts
to curb illegal hunting by poachers, who in some regions have in the
past used belt-fed machine guns to mow down dozens of animals at a time.
Botwana's
president had been due to attend. It was not immediately clear why he
did not turn up. While supporting the battle against poaching, Botswana
has opposed burning ivory.
Conservationists have
called for action ranging from improved prosecution of poachers to
slashing demand for ivory and rhino horn abroad, most of it coming from
Asia.
"Political will, that is the key ingredient," Max Graham, the founder and chief executive officer of charity Space for Giants, speaking before the summit.
His group seeks to share techniques to combat poaching and protect habitats for elephants and rhinos.
Ol
Pejeta Conservancy has been at the forefront of those initiatives,
protecting and slowly starting to rebuild Kenya's rhino numbers.
Airborne rapid reaction rangers, a helicopter with night vision and
better intelligence in the local community helped.
But
it seems too late for the northern white rhino. Just three individuals
of the species remain, guarded 24 hours at the Ol Pejeta site.
Scientists are racing against time to work out ways on reproductive
techniques for the aging animals.
There have also
been gains made in stemming international trade in ivory and rhino horn.
China and the United States, two of the biggest ivory markets,
announced plans last year to enact almost complete bans on imports and
exports.
The ivory price in Hong Kong, a major
trade route to China which also announced plans for a sales ban, has
fallen to about $380 per kg from $1,500 per kg in 2014, Peter Knights,
executive director of WildAid which campaigns to end the trade, told
Reuters.
"It is never fast enough, but it is definitely heading in the right direction," he said.
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